Analysis of Results of Numerical Experiments with an Atmospheric General Circulation Model with Allowance for Peculiarities of the Underlying Surface in Megalopolises

K. G. Rubinshtein, E. V. Nabokova, E. N. Egorova, and A. A. Vasil’ev

A hypothesis is put forward that underlying surface peculiarities over large cities should be taken into account in the atmospheric circulation modeling, climate change studies, and in the numerical weather forecast. It is demonstrated based on the analysis of satellite images that the scales of changes in the underlying surface properties amount to hundreds of kilometers and that their influence can be studied with a large-scale atmospheric general circulation model. The influence of changes in the underlying surface characteristics in the cities on the surface temperature is analyzed. It is shown that the model atmosphere is sensitive to changes in surface properties in the cities. It is also shown that the surface air temperature approaches the observed climate over most land part of the urban territories, where peculiarities of the urban territories are taken into account. The model of the city should be changed in the areas, where such a result was not obtained. According to the experimental results, the model of the city in the mid- and high latitudes should differ from the model in the southern latitudes, but it should be taken into consideration for all urbanized areas of the world.