Microwave Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere: From Possibility to Routine Observations

A. G. Gorelik, E. N. Kadygrov, A. V. Koldaev, A. K. Knyazev,
and A. V. Troitskii

The article is aimed to retrospective analysis of the results in microwave remote sensing of the atmosphere since 60 ages of the twenty century up to the recent time. Article describes the develop- ment stages for passive remote sensing of the atmosphere in the Central Aerological Observatory. It contains the first experimental works with super sensitive microwave radio receiver, which confirms output from quantum mechanics calculations regarding atmosphere gases absorption. The way from this first steps to the recent routine microwave sounding on the observation net of Roshydromet is described. Specially emphasized the results of ground based and aircraft microwave researches, which were obtained with the scientific priority at the time of their revealing and which are still actual up to the now days. The values of these results are demonstrated by the utilization of it in the current weather modification projects and urban meteorology projects.