Main Approaches to the Organization of National System of Basic Monitoring Freshwater Ecosystems in the Russian Arctic

A. M. Nikanorov, V. A. Bryzgalo, L. S. Kosmenko, and O. S. Reshetnyak

Analyzed are the structure and methodological base of effective monitoring of water bodies in the Arctic region. Due to the sparse observational network and the lack of hydrobiological observations, the monitoring system does not enable to carry out in full a comprehensive assessment of freshwater ecosystems. There are almost no observations of toxicological parameters enabling to assess the integral effects of pollutants on the biota. At the first stage of the formation of base national system for monitoring freshwater ecosystems, the authors proposed to apply a basin approach, to connect the observational system with hydrological and climate scenarios and climate change effects, and to separate a national sub-system for monitoring freshwater ecosystems in the Russian Arctic.